Ceiska
I am going to add some answers to your post but I agree with others that there is really too much detail here.
Question - what is your motivation for seeking this information. Do you want to get into security, are you just curious or are you an aspiring burglar
Whatever the reason while I can see your are interested you need to get a job in the industry. This is a practical industry: you need to install this stuff for much of this information to mean anything. There are a myriad of options and alternatives and many different ways of achieving the same outcome all of which can be correct in some circumstances and incorrect (or not the best way) in other circumstances
You also need to undergo vetting to demonstrate that you are a fit and proper person to know about security systems.
I recommend:
A) get a copy of the EN50131 suite and BS8243. There are other standards but these will help
Don't ask me for these and perhaps don't ask this forum for them
Also look for guideline document from NSI, BSIA and ABI
B) self fund some proper training: Tavcom do excellent distance training (although I have not evaluated myself)
C) seek employment with an alarm/security company. The majors (ADT, Chubb etc) may have apprentice schemes
To your questions:
1)
Yes, you have to program (more configure) the panel. Although "intelligent" these panels don't program themselves. Although some may argue they are more clever than the engineer installing?
The configuration will be in accordance with the original design as varied (if necessary) during installation. If no original design then it will be to the installation plan that you would develop hour 1 of day 1 of arriving at site with a box of bits and some tools
2)
Yes, of course the results are documented - otherwise how can you prove you did it?
It's unlikely you will get copies of documents but as they are company specific but an internet search may find something
3)
This depend who installed the system. If you installed it and are now commissioning it you will know what you did right and wrong. If you deliberately did something wrong then you should not be in this game.
If you are commissioning someone else's work then it is your job, your responsibility, your duty to thoroughly commission which means you diligrntly check everything that needs checking.
4)
You need to be vetted and be trained to discuss signalling. There are different types and the correct commissioning of each is critical. What you have indicated is largely correct however
5)
If you know how a meter works you will understand the type of readings to be taken. Actually you should be able to make up your own record sheet from this. As 2 above it is not likely you will get a copy of someone's meter reading record sheets as they are proprietary to each company
6)
Class and grades are in the standards above. This sets the autonomy of the system under mains fail conditions and with the load calculations (or measurements) and recharge currents will help calculate the battery size
7)
I suggest you find some installation instructions for sounders and panels, read them to see how a sounder is connected to a panel and this will answer these questions
?
More a communication system. Yes, generally it will connect to an ARC. STU is one device that can be used within the communications system
9)
Bell delay is normally to give the intervention response time to arrive and apprehend/detail before the intruder is warned the system has activated
10)
Part of the communication system to give an indication if the communication path is out of service.
To conclude:
Obtain the documents above and read them. This will give you more detail from which you could ask more targeted questions: however I would be wary of going into too much more detail than this given the vetting issue.